Diplomacy is a vital tool for managing interactions with diverse parties, including individuals, groups and organizations. It involves negotiating with sensitivity, strategic communication and a priority towards peaceful conflict resolution. It may be applied at an international or interpersonal scale, and promises enduring benefits: stronger relationships, mutual understanding through respectful disagreements and increased empathy. At an international level, diplomatic initiatives champion worldwide cooperation, protect global peace and encourage socio-economic progress.
The practice of diplomacy has a long history: treaties between cities in ancient Mesopotamia date back to 2850 B.C.E. Diplomatic relations between nations took on a more structured form after the Congress of Vienna of 1815, which established an international system of diplomatic ranks that continues to be used today.
Traditionally, diplomats are highly-qualified individuals who are sent on long-term assignments to host governments. They are supported by embassy staff that manages the day-to-day affairs of the foreign mission and assists the ambassador in their role. Ambassadors are generally considered the highest rank, with envoys and ministers plenipotentiary following closely behind.
Diplomats are often responsible for mediating discussions that aim to prevent military confrontations and end ongoing conflicts. They also advocate for universal human rights norms and seek to address vulnerable populations. For example, the recent spate of peace talks between North and South Korea demonstrates the power of diplomacy to avert potential military conflict and promote international peace.